Reference guide · data as of July 2026
All Spain residence permit figures 2026: thresholds, IPREM/SMI, fees, timelines
Updated: 3 July 2026 · All values verified against the BOE and official agencies · Dataset: porogi-2026.csv (CC BY 4.0 — free to use with attribution)
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In short — the key figures for 2026. Two base values everything is calculated from: IPREM = 600 €/month (frozen since 2023) and SMI = 1 221 €/month × 14 = 17 094 €/year (RD 126/2026). All tables below include exact formulas, family add-ons and links to primary sources.
Income thresholds by residence permit type — 2026#
Each permit type is calculated from its own base: DNV — from the SMI minimum wage (converted to 12 payments); NLV, student and family reunification — from the IPREM indicator. Using the wrong base is the most common reason for refusals: income that works "for the NLV" won't pass for the DNV, and vice versa.
| Permit type | Formula | Main applicant | Family add-on | Per year |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DNV — digital nomad | 200% SMI | ≈ 2 849 €/month | +75% SMI ≈ 1 069 €/month for the first family member, +25% SMI ≈ 356 €/month for each additional one | ≈ 34 188 € |
| NLV — no right to work | 400% IPREM | 2 400 €/month | +100% IPREM = 600 €/month for each family member | 28 800 € |
| Student residence permit | 100% IPREM | 600 €/month | +75% IPREM = 450 €/month for the first family member, +50% = 300 €/month for each additional one | 7 200 € |
| Family reunification | 150% IPREM | 900 €/month for a family of 2 | +50% IPREM = 300 €/month for each additional family member | 10 800 € |
How the DNV threshold is calculated — from the SMI converted to 12 payments:
For the NLV, consulates look at the annual amount (28 800 € per applicant) and often ask you to confirm it with 12 months of bank statements; at renewal you show funds for two years ahead. You can work out the threshold for your own family setup in our 2026 income calculator. How these figures add up in an applicant's budget — see the page on the cost of a residence permit in Spain.
IPREM and SMI by year: 2022–2026#
The IPREM has been frozen since 2023 — Spain's budget (Ley 31/2022) keeps being rolled over, and for the fourth year running the indicator stands at 600 €/month. The SMI, by contrast, rises every year: from 1 000 € in 2022 to 1 221 € in 2026 (+22% over five years).
Practical takeaway
The NLV, student and family reunification thresholds have not changed since 2023, while the DNV threshold rises with the SMI every February.
| Year | IPREM €/month | IPREM €/year (12) | SMI €/month (14 payments) | SMI €/year | DNV: 200% SMI €/month | NLV: 400% IPREM €/month |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 579,02 | 6 948,24 | 1 000 | 14 000 | ≈ 2 333 | 2 316,08 |
| 2023 | 600 | 7 200 | 1 080 | 15 120 | 2 520 | 2 400 |
| 2024 | 600 | 7 200 | 1 134 | 15 876 | 2 646 | 2 400 |
| 2025 | 600 | 7 200 | 1 184 | 16 576 | ≈ 2 763 | 2 400 |
| 2026 | 600 | 7 200 | 1 221 | 17 094 | 2 849 | 2 400 |
Government fees (tasas) and visa fees — 2026#
Fees for Extranjería (immigration office) procedures are paid using modelo 790 forms (code 012 — police: NIE and cards; code 052 — residence permits). Proof of payment is mandatory at filing — without it your file will not be accepted. The exact amount is always generated by the impreso (payment form) on the agency's website: the figures below are the current reference values as of July 2026.
| Procedure | Form | Amount | When to pay |
|---|---|---|---|
| Assignment of a NIE (foreigner ID number) | 790-012 | 9,84 € | Before filing form EX-15 |
| Issuance / replacement of the TIE card | 790-012 | ≈ 16,78 € | Before the toma de huellas (fingerprinting, EX-17) |
| Initial temporary residence permit (NLV, family reunification, etc.) | 790-052 | ≈ 10,97 € | Within 10 working days after filing (or before it, depending on the region) |
| Residence permit on exceptional grounds (arraigo) | 790-052 | ≈ 38,28 € | After filing EX-10, within 10 working days |
| Residence permit renewal (renovación) | 790-052 | ≈ 17,72 € | When filing the renewal |
| National D visa (NLV, student, DNV via consulate) | consular fee | 80 € | When applying at the consulate; not refunded if refused |
Timelines: decisions, the TIE card, the path to permanent residence and citizenship#
Processing times depend on where the application is filed: a consulate, the UGE-CE single window (under Ley 14/2013 — for DNV and HQP) or the regional Extranjería office. For UGE-CE, positive administrative silence applies: no answer within 20 working days means the application is deemed approved.
| Procedure | Timeframe | Note |
|---|---|---|
| National D visa (consulate) | up to 1 month | The period may be extended if additional documents are requested |
| DNV / HQP via UGE-CE | 20 working days | Silencio positivo: no answer means the application is deemed approved (Ley 14/2013) |
| Arraigo (all types) | up to 3 months | No answer = refusal (silencio negativo); it can be appealed |
| Family reunification | up to 45 days | Once approved, family members apply for their visas at the consulate |
| TIE card production | 30–45 days | After the toma de huellas; collected by separate appointment with the resguardo (receipt) |
| Permanent residence (residencia de larga duración) | after 5 years of residence | Decision on the application — up to 3 months; study time counts at 50% |
| Citizenship (por residencia) | after 10 / 5 / 2 / 1 years | 10 — standard (Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan); 5 — refugees; 2 — Ibero-American nationals and others; 1 — marriage to a Spanish citizen. The application then takes another 12–24 months to process |
Important note on student time
For citizenship, student years (estancia por estudios) do not count at all — the clock starts with your first "proper" residence permit (residencia). For permanent residence, study time counts at half, and only once you switch to residencia status.
You can work out your personal permanent-residence and citizenship dates in the citizenship calculator.
Absence limits: how long you can be outside Spain#
Continuity of residence is the second most common reason for refusals after income. Each status has its own limit on time abroad, and for citizenship the law names no exact figure — the courts look at where your real centre of life is (housing, work, family, taxes).
| Situation | Absence limit | Consequence of exceeding it |
|---|---|---|
| 2-year residence period for arraigo | ≤ 90 consecutive days over the period | Continuity of stay is broken |
| 5-year period for permanent residence | ≤ 6 consecutive months and ≤ 10 months in total over 5 years (up to 18 months for work-related reasons) | The larga duración clock resets / is recalculated |
| 10-year period for citizenship | rule of thumb from practice: ≤ 6 consecutive months | The Ministry of Justice may deem residence interrupted |
| Fast-track citizenship routes (1–2 years) | rule of thumb from practice: ≤ 3 months of absences per year | Practice is stricter: risk of refusal on continuity grounds |
| Keeping permanent residence status | < 12 consecutive months outside the EU | 12 consecutive months outside the EU is grounds for losing the status (restoring it is a separate procedure) |
How to use these figures
- Primary sources only. Royal decrees on the SMI and budget laws (IPREM) are published in the BOE; fee amounts appear on the official portals of the Policía Nacional and Administraciones Públicas.
- We update with every regulatory change. The SMI is traditionally revised in February, the IPREM changes when a new budget is passed, and tasas are indexed on a case-by-case basis. The as-of date is shown under each table.
- Writing an article or overview? Any table can be taken as markdown via the "Copy table" button: along with the data, it copies the link to the BOE primary source and to this page, so your readers can check the figures are still current.
- The full dataset is available as CSV: porogi-2026.csv (CC BY 4.0 licence).
The main caveat
The figures are a necessary but not a sufficient condition. In our practice, refusals most often happen not because of a lack of money, but because the income was calculated from the wrong base, shown with the wrong documents, or doesn't add up between certificates and bank statements. The formulas in the tables give you the threshold — but exactly how to prove it for your permit type and consulate is a matter for your specific case.
Frequently asked questions
What income do you need for a Spanish residence permit in 2026?
It depends on the permit type. DNV (digital nomad) — 200% SMI ≈ 2 849 €/month (+75% SMI ≈ 1 069 € for the first family member, +25% SMI ≈ 356 € for each additional one). NLV — 400% IPREM = 2 400 €/month (+600 €/month per family member). Student residence permit — 100% IPREM = 600 €/month. Family reunification — 150% IPREM = 900 €/month for a family of two (+300 € for each additional member).
What is the IPREM in 2026?
In 2026 the IPREM is 600 €/month, or 7 200 €/year in 12 payments. The value was set by Ley 31/2022 and, because the budget keeps being rolled over, has been frozen since 2023: the IPREM did not change in 2024, 2025 or 2026.
What is the minimum wage (SMI) in Spain in 2026?
The 2026 SMI is 1 221 €/month in 14 payments (Real Decreto 126/2026), i.e. 17 094 €/year, or 1 424,50 €/month converted to 12 payments. The DNV threshold is calculated from that 12-payment base: 200% SMI ≈ 2 849 €/month.
How much are the government fees (tasas) for a Spanish residence permit in 2026?
Form 790-012: NIE assignment — 9,84 €, TIE card issuance — about 16,78 €. Form 790-052: initial temporary residence permit — about 10,97 €, renewal — about 17,72 €. The consular fee for the national D visa is 80 € and is not refunded if the visa is refused. The exact amount is generated by the impreso (payment form) on the agency's website.
How long does a decision on a Spanish residence permit take?
National D visa at the consulate — up to 1 month. DNV and HQP via UGE-CE — 20 working days with positive administrative silence (Ley 14/2013). Family reunification — up to 45 days. The TIE card takes 30–45 days to produce after fingerprinting. Permanent residence — a decision within up to 3 months; a citizenship application then takes another 12–24 months to process.
Official sources: BOE — Spanish legislation · Ministry of Inclusion and Migration · Policía Nacional — tasas · Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs (consulates)